Even as the avian flu continues to affect birds and the local egg supply, health experts say eggs remain safe to eat . Commercially available eggs pass through testing, grading and inspection by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the U.S. Department of Agriculture , the agencies that share responsibility for the safety of eggs before they hit your plate. Federal inspections of egg farms with multiple millions of birds occur four times a year. California’s agriculture department further regulates the safety of eggs produced, shipped or sold here — ensuring they go through an industrial washing and sanitization process. All eggs sold in California from farms with 3,000 chickens or more, whether originating within or being imported from outside of this “egg-deficit” state, go through additional measures and labeling rigors implemented a decade ago to combat bacterial contamination by Salmonella enteritidis. Related Articles Science | With avian flu flying around, is it ...
In 1974, science fiction author Larry Niven wrote a murder mystery with an interesting premise: could you kill a man with a tiny black hole? I won’t spoil the story, though I’m willing to bet most people would argue the answer is clearly yes. Intense gravity, tidal forces, and the event horizon would surely lead to a messy end. But it turns out the scientific answer is a bit more interesting. On the one hand, it’s clear that a large enough black hole could kill you. On the other hand, a black hole with the mass of a single hydrogen atom is clearly too small to be noticed. The real question is the critical mass. At what minimum size would a black hole become deadly? That’s the focus of a new paper on the arXiv . The study begins with primordial black holes. These are theoretical bodies that may have formed in the earliest moments of the Universe and would be much smaller than stellar-mass black holes. Anywhere from atom-massed to a mass several times that of Earth. Although astronome...
Some of our Solar System’s moons have become very enticing targets in the search for life. There’s growing evidence that some of them have oceans under layers of ice and that these oceans are warm and rich in prebiotic chemistry. NASA’s Europa Clipper is on its way to examine Jupiter’s moon Europa, and the ESA’s Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer is also on its way to the Jovian system to explore some of its icy moons. While the presence of an ocean on Europa is becoming widely accepted, there’s more uncertainty about the other Galilean moons. However, new evidence suggests that Callisto is very likely an ocean moon, too. Callisto is Jupiter’s second-largest moon, the third-largest moon in the Solar System, and the outermost Galilean moon . The Voyager probes gave us our first close looks at Callisto in 1979, and the Galileo spacecraft gave us our best images and science data during flybys between 1996 and 2001. Galileo provided the first evidence that Callisto may harbour a subsurface oc...
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